Measles | Effects | Transmission | Treatment: Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus that spreads easily when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes. It can cause severe disease, complications, and even death, with symptoms including fever, cough, runny nose, and rash. Vaccination is the best way to prevent measles, with accelerated immunization activities preventing 56 million deaths between 2000 and 2021.Measles is a highly contagious, serious airborne disease caused by a virus that can lead to severe complications and death. Measles vaccination averted 56 million deaths between 2000 and 2021. Despite the availability of a safe and cost-effective vaccine, an estimated 128,000 measles deaths occurred globally in 2021, mostly among unvaccinated or under-vaccinated children under the age of 5 years. In 2022, only about 83% of the world’s children received one dose of the measles vaccine by their first birthday through routine health services – the lowest rate since 2008.
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic:
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted measles surveillance and immunization efforts, leaving millions of children vulnerable to preventable diseases like measles. To counteract this, efforts to reach all children with two measles vaccine doses should be accelerated, along with implementing robust surveillance systems to identify and close immunity gaps.
Key Facts about Measles
- Measles is a highly contagious, serious airborne disease caused by a virus that can lead to severe complications and death.
- Measles vaccination averted 56 million deaths being between 2000 and 2021.
- Even though a safe and cost-effective vaccine is available, in 2021, there were an estimated 128 000 measles deaths globally, mostly among unvaccinated or under vaccinated children under the age of 5 years.
- In 2022, about 83% of the world’s children received one dose of measles vaccine by their first birthday through routine health services – the lowest since 2008.
Signs and Symptoms:
Symptoms of measles usually begin 10–14 days after exposure to the virus, with a prominent rash being the most visible symptom. Complications can include blindness, encephalitis, severe diarrhea, pneumonia, and premature birth if contracted during pregnancy.
Who is at Risk:
Any non-immune person can become infected, with unvaccinated young children and pregnant individuals at highest risk of severe measles complications. Measles remains common, particularly in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.
Transmission:
Measles is one of the world’s most contagious diseases, spread by contact with infected secretions or breathing air from an infected person. Measles outbreaks can result in severe complications and deaths, especially among young, malnourished children.
Treatment for Measles | Effects | Transmission | Treatment
There is no specific treatment for measles, with caregiving focusing on relieving symptoms and preventing complications. All children or adults with measles should receive two doses of vitamin A supplements to help prevent complications.
Prevention:
Community-wide vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles, with routine measles vaccination crucial for reducing global measles deaths. Children should receive two doses of the vaccine to ensure immunity and prevent outbreaks, with approximately 22 million infants missing at least one dose of measles vaccine through routine immunization in 2022.
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